This study aims to investigate students conceptual understanding about global warming and ozone layer depletion. Ozone layer depletion daily current affair article for upsc. Following is the list of some of the main ozone depleting substances and the sources from where they are released. When ozone is depleted, more ultravioletb is observed to reach earth, cooling the stratosphere, warming earth.
In this paper we will attempt to examine the relationship between global warming and ozone layer depletion, subsequently try to look at the possible solutions. The ozone hole is an area in the stratosphere above antarctica where chlorine and bromine gases from humanproduced chlorofluorocarbons cfcs and halons have destroyed ozone molecules. I have written many papers explaining what is wrong with greenhouse warming theory and how ozone depletion theory explains global warming since 1970 and throughout all of earth history far more accurately and in far greater detail than greenhouse warming theory. The ozone hole and global warming are not the same thing, and neither is the main cause of the other. Ozone is constantly being produced and destroyed naturally. Recent warming was caused by ozone depletion due to emissions of humanmanufactured gases. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get. Evs global warming, ozone depletion ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Unfortunately, cfcs can eventually find their way into the earths atmosphere and the ozone layer. Are those holes in the ozone layer the main factor responsible for global warming. Initially, the students were instructed to make drawings. Legislation on ozone depletion and global warming has forced the refrigeration industry to develop equipment to use alternative and new refrigerants.
The kigali amendment to the montreal protocol entered into force this week, mandating the phase down of super climate pollutants called hydrofluorocarbons hfcs. The entire story of ozone depletion due to chlorofluorocarbons cfc was just that, a story, a scientifically created deception. The climate system involves the atmosphere specifically processes within the troposphere, such as air circulation patterns land surfaces and oceans. The ozone layer prevents most ultraviolet uv and other highenergy radiation from penetrating to the earths surface but does allow through sufficient ultraviolet rays to support the activation of vitamin d in humans. Download a pdf of ozone depletion, greenhouse gases, and climate change by the national research council for free. Now, the evidence, much of which was known at the start but deliberately ignored, is emerging.
Over what sections of earth does ozone depletion occur. The concept of ozone depletion potential odp is widely used wuebbles et al. Stratospheric ozone depletion chapter 8 understanding. The odps of cfc11 and cfc12, and the gwp of co 2 all are assigned a value of 1. Ozone depletion and climate change, or ozone hole and global warming in. Further, suspended particulate matter in the air affects vegetation and ecosystem both physically and chemically. One chlorine molecule from a cfc can destroy up to 100,000 ozone molecules. The ozonedepletion theory of global warming provides, for the first time, a clear, straightforward explanation for observations not easily explained by greenhousegas theory. The 1989 montreal protocol successfully phased out cfc production and use. Ozone depletion is the process of destruction of the ozone layer which can cause adverse effects on the living forms by many pollutants releases out from the vehicles, industries etc. This book starts off by examining the rapid global warming that clearly did occur between 1970 and 1998 and that, in my view, appears to have been caused by humans depleting the ozone layer, located 12 to 19 miles 20 to 30 km above earths surface. Let us have a detailed look at the various causes and effects of ozone layer depletion. Ozone depletion, greenhouse gases, and climate change the. Global warming also l eads to ozone layer depletion.
Oct 12, 2005 global warming is predicted to cause rising ocean levels, lower plant productivity, and more frequent and dangerous weather patterns. What really causes global warming greenhouse gases or. Inversion layer inversion meteorology, a layer within which an atmosphericproperty is inverted temperature inversion layers, also called thermal inversions or just inversion layers, are areas where the normal decrease in air temperature with increasing altitude is reversed and air above the ground is warmer than the air below it. Instead of looking back at the successful cfc phaseout, the u. Ozone in the ozone layer is formed by the action of solar ultraviolet light on oxygen. Environmental politics climate change and knowledge politics pdf. Ozone depletion, caused by manufactured chlorofluorocarbon gases and emissions of chlorine and bromine from effusive basaltic volcanic eruptions. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion.
Global warming and ozone layer depletion are two different problems see the. Both are essential for life but air also protects all of us and it is therefore understandable that the response to the depletion of the ozone layer became international. Some halocarbons ozone depleting substances, or odss deplete the ozone layer, while others greenhouse gases, or ghgs are thought to contribute to global warming. The ozone layer, 12 to 19 miles above earth, protects life on earth by absorbing harmful solar ultraviolet radiation. Can ozone depletion and global warming interact to produce.
It is very reactive chemically and is dangerous to plant and animal life when present in the lower portions of the. Because of these dynamical, chemical, and radiative feedbacks, the ozone hole and greenhouse warming issues are much more strongly coupled than has widely been assumed. Stratospheric cooling creates a more favourable environ. Global warming surfacelevel ozone and other compounds. Global warming and ozone layer depletion are two different problems see the sidebar misconceptions about global atmospheric change on page 95. The ozone scare was a dry run for the global warming scare. Ozone depletion reasons, impacts, prevention by reshma.
Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on. Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. Measures should be taken to protect our earth from the harmful ultraviolet rays. Ozone depletion has largely been controlled through operative pediatric urology pdf the montreal. The enhanced lower stratospheric cooling over the polar cap region renders the stratospheric ozone layer more susceptible to ozone destroying chemicals 84, 85.
List of books and articles about ozone layer online. We solved that problem with the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer stopping the increase in global temperatures by 1998. In other words, global warming can make ozone depletion much worse right when it is supposed to begin its recovery during the next centu ry. Pdf ozone depletion, greenhouse gases, and climate change.
When the ozone layer is depleted, more ultravioletb radiation than usual reaches earth, increasing our risk of sunburn and skin cancer and warming earth. Jul 23, 2018 when sufficient amounts of ozone have been destroyed, the low concentration area is often called a hole in the ozone layer, with increased uv radiation making it to the surface below. Click download or read online button to get ozone depletion greenhouse gases and climate change book now. We have seen the various effects of ozone layer depletion and can conclude by saying that it is very important for our survival. Human activities and ozone layer free download as powerpoint presentation. Solomon and albritton, 1992 as a measure of the effectiveness of a given compound in removing ozone, relative to a standard compound, which is taken to be cfc11. The chlorofluorocarbon and the halons are potent ozone depletors. A global thinning of the ozone layer results as ozone rich air from the remaining ozone layer flows into the ozone poor areas. Ozone layer depletion daily current affair article for upsc, ias, civil services and state pcs examinations.
Scientists believe that global warming will lead to a weaker ozone layer, because as the surface temperature rises, the stratosphere the ozone layer being found in the upper part will get colder, making the natural repairing of the ozone slower. It is also one of the prime reasons which are leading to global warming. The next most significant greenhouse gas is surface, or lowlevel, ozone o3. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions 7. Ozone depletion, greenhouse gases, and climate change. Third, depletion of stratospheric ozone and global warming due to the buildup of greenhouse gases interact to alter uvr related effects on health. Ozone depletion and global warming are both manmade and interconnected, and they constitute the most serious environmental crises ever. Ozone o 3 depletion does not cause global warming, but both of these environmental problems have a common cause. As we all know ozone is present in stratosphere so heat dont reaches troposphere and it remain cold as recovery of ozone layer requires maximum sunlight and.
Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which is essential to life as we know it on planet earth. In a warmer world, patterns of personal exposure to solar radiation e. Ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb. The ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Due to global warming and green house effect most of the heat is trapped in troposphere which is the layer below the stratosphere. Ozone is a colourless gas which is found in the stratosphere of our upper atmosphere. Stratospheric ozone depletion, ultraviolet radiation and. Ultraviolet rays can also have bad effects on nature. Global warming is caused primarily by putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when coal, oil, and natural gas are burned to generate electricity. Global warming also leads to ozone layer depletion. There are indications that global warming could enhance ozone depletion even in the absence of anthropogenic pollutants, so the fate of the ozone layer is still uncertain. Ozone layer depletion ozone layer depletion is the gradual thinning of the earths ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused due tho release of chemical compounds containing gaseous bromine or chlorine from industries or other human activities. The ozone hole is an area in the stratosphere above antarctica. Global warming potentials global warming potentials provide a simple rep resentation of the relative radiative forcing resulting from a unit mass emission of a greenhouse gas compared to a reference compound.
Publications about the ozone depletion theory of global warming. Mean global surface temperatures have remained essentially constant since 1998 while carbondioxide concentrations continue to increase. In 2011, even though global cfcs were in decline, arctic ozone fell to a historic low level due to unusual weather that allowed for greater than usual chemical ozone destruction. The ozone molecule is comprised of three oxygen atoms covalently bonded. Ozone depletion and climate change have usually been thought of as environmental issues with little in common other than their global scope. There are many situations where human activities have significant effects on the environment.
Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a result of increasing pollution. These changes result in a warming of the troposphere the bottom 816 km of the atmosphere and a cooling of the stratosphere the layer above that extends to an altitude of about 50 km and contains the ozone layer. Global warming global warming surfacelevel ozone and other compounds. Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible depletion trends. The production of old cfc refrigerants, such as r12, has now been banned due to its effect on the ozone layer. Nearly 90% of earths ozone is in the stratosphere and referred to as the ozone layer. Some recent evidence indicates that global warming may alter the atmospheric.
Chapte r ozone depletion potentials, global warming. Some of the effects of air pollutants such as acid rain, global warming, and ozone layer depletion leading to increased uv penetration and health hazards are well recognized now 17. Depletion of the ozone layer, however, explains all observations of global warming quite clearly. Ozone depletion potential an overview sciencedirect topics. Traffic congestion is a daily reality of indias urban centers. Because of its central role in concerns about climate change, carbon dioxide has gen. Ozone layer depletion cause, effects, and solutions. The depletion of the ozone layer 1593 words 7 pages.
Although global warming and ozone depletion are caused by different gases, scientists have shown that a warming planet may change how the stratosphereand, therefore. Greenhouse gas theory is based on an erroneous assumption made 150 years ago, that radiant thermal energy is additive. Ozone by ucar randy russell is licensed under cc bysa. After a brief history of ozone depletion, section ii asks. Apr 18, 2019 the ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Depletion of the ozone layer is what triggers global warming. The study was conducted with 50 middle school students in years 7 and 8.
Cfcs get banned in 1974 scientists sherry rowland and mario molina discovered the link between the depletion of the ozone layer and cfcs. Ozone depletion greenhouse gases and climate change. Mar 21, 2020 ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earths ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions.
Ozone depletion and global warming overview page 1 of 5 halocarbons are chemical compounds containing carbon, one or more halogens, and sometimes hydrogen. The use of cfcs not only destroys the ozone layer but. Publications about the ozone depletion theory of global. This climate benefit could double if airconditioning and refrigerating equipment can be made more efficient. How is global warming related to ozone layer depletion. Ozone depletion and climate change are linked in a number. Global agreement addressing ozone depletion will also. Ozone layer depletion abebooks shop for books, art. This ozone layer filters out ultraviolet uv rays from the sun and protects life on earth. International relations political science regional focusarea studies environmental law, international interpretation and construction global warming reports international environmental law ozone layer depletion.
Figure q182 top panel using their ozone depletion potentials odps and global warming potentials gwps, which indicate the effectiveness of each gas in causing ozone depletion and climate change, respectively. Depletion of the ozone layer by manufactured chlorofluorocarbon gases and volcanic eruptions, however, provides a much more detailed and precise explanation for changes in climate observed since the industrial revolution and throughout geologic history. Human activities that can damage or affect the ozone. Ozone layer depletion fueled by falling temperature in the stratosphere can be termed as yet another hazardous effect of global warming on the earth. The intergovernmental panel on climate change concldes that anthropogenic greenhouse gases are extremely likely to have been the dominant cause of observed global warming. Ozone layer depletion is one of the most serious problems faced by our planet earth. This stark divergence, plus new insight into the physics of sunlight, suggests that greenhouse gases are not causing global warming. Slow speeds and idling vehicles produce, per trip, 4 to 8 times more pollutants and consume more carbon footprint fuels, than free flowing traffic. The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. The causes, mechanism and bioeffects of ozone layer depletion on humans were addressed. Ozone depleting substances are the substances such as chlorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride, hydrofluorocarbons, etc. Ozone o 3 is a gaseous molecule that occurs in different parts of the atmosphere figure 1. Ozone depletion may also make it harder to combat global warming, because more uv light penetrates the worlds oceans and destroys plankton.
If the global warming trend continues, the results could be depressing indeed. And does ozone depletion result in measurable increases in uv radiation reaching earth. Spectrometer toms multimedia files that show the history of the ozone hole. Once they get there they destroy ozone molecules and cause the ozone layer to become depleted or thinner. Cfc molecules are highly stable and can last for up to 100 years.
Protecting the ozone layer and reducing global warming undp. Ozone depletion and climate change, or ozone hole and global warming in more popular terms, are environmental challenges whose connections have been explored and which have been compared and contrasted, for example in terms of global regulation, in various studies and books. Unfortunately, this gives them plenty of time to find their way to the ozone layer. As we all know ozone is present in stratosphere so heat dont reaches troposphere and it remain cold as recovery of ozone layer requires maximum. Timeline of stratospheric ozone depletion and observations. Minimum ozone levels in the antarctic decreased steadily throughout the 1990s, and less dramatic decreases have been found above other areas of the world. Is depletion of the ozone layer the principal cause. Why global mean surface temperatures began to rise around 1970 after having been relatively constant since 1945. The ozone hole and global warming union of concerned.